Tuesday, September 13, 2005

Why NOT max out 401(k)?

Question:

I don't understand why I wouldn't max my pre-tax contribution to my employers 401(k) and put any other funds into Roth IRA (if I can afford anymore). Right now I am contributing 6%, employer matches first 3% (cheap @#$). My wife's is about the same. I have around $42k and she has $39k. (32 and 31 years old).I put about $300 a month into our Roths ($150 each). Wouldn't I be better off just bumping up the % and then any bonus money into a Roth? The only complaint I have about my 401k is that the choices are limited (I work for a bank so I'm stuck with our funds). My wife (who works for a different bank) as some great choices. Maybe I just don't understand the tax consequences. Roth taxed on contributions now but gains are not taxed later. 401k, not taxed now but EVERYTHING is taxed later. Is this accurate? Please advise.Thank you.

My Response:

The non-taxation of the growth in the Roth account is probably the greatest benefit. A secondary benefit of the Roth account is that these accounts do not have Required Minimum Distributions at age 70 1/2 as do trad IRA and qualified plans (such as a 401(k)). The third benefit is flexibility, where a Roth account would allow you to access your contributions at any time, for any reason, with no penalty or tax. Not so with the other accounts.Lastly (for this post), as you stated above, many times your choices in a 401(k) plan are limited. A Roth IRA account doesn't have these limitations.

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